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WHIPS
WHIPS, or ''Whi''plash ''P''rotection ''S''ystem, is a system to protect against automotive whiplash injuries introduced by Volvo in 1998.〔https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/press/releases/2004/whiplash_protection_system.shtml〕 It was launched when the Volvo S80〔http://www.volvogroup.com/group/global/en-gb/newsmedia/pressreleases/previous/1998/_layouts/CWP.Internet.VolvoCom/NewsItem.aspx?News.ItemId=22765&News.Language=en-gb〕 was released for the 1999 model year and has since been part of the standard equipment of all new Volvo cars.
==Details==
A WHIPS equipped seat is designed so that the entire backrest helps to protect the front occupant's neck in a case of a rear impact.
When the WHIPS system is deployed, the front seat backrests and headrests are lowered backward to change the seating position of the driver and front seat passenger.〔http://support.volvocars.com/uk/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=Y556&my=2015&sw=14w20&article=f7330701530b6a6cc0a801e80097015f〕 The main energy is absorbed via a pivot at the base of the seat – mechanism which allows the seat to move around the occupants actual hip joint while moving rearward to absorb additional energy. A piece of metal inside the backrest hinge deforms, absorbing more energy. The hinge piece needs to be replaced after having been deployed.〔http://www.iihs.org/iihs/news/desktopnews/whiplash-injuries-much-less-likely-to-occur-in-cars-with-new-seat-head-restraint-combination-advanced-crash-tests-show〕
According to Volvo's traffic accident research team, the WHIPS equipped seat resulted in a 33% reduction in short term injury and a 54% reduction in long term whiplash injuries caused by car accidents.〔http://www.driveandstayalive.com/articles%20and%20topics/safety%20equipment/article_volvo-WHIPS-whiplash-protection-system.htm〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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